This requires us to break open a black box statistical model and extract predicates over indexable attributes of the database. We then go over the performance challenges of training and applying these models efficiently over very large databases. We present statistical models for co-reference resolution and information extraction in a database setting. Existing methods of data integration do not effectively exploit the wealth of information available in multi-relational entities. This integration requires extracting structured column values from the unstructured source and mapping them to known database entities. Several real-world applications now need to create bridges for smooth integration of semi-structured sources with existing structured databases for seamless querying. We hope this will encourage more researchers to undertake on-going data collection and provide the research community with data about the rapidly evolving characteristics of web traffic.ĭatabase systems are islands of structure in a sea of unstructured data sources. A novel aspect of this study is a demonstration that a relatively light-weight methodology based on passive tracing of only TCP/IP headers and off-line analysis tools can provide timely, high quality data about web traffic. The principal results from this study are: (1) empirical data suitable for constructing traffic generating models of contemporary web traffic, (2) new characterizations of TCP connection usage showing the effects of HTTP protocol improvement, notably persistent connections (, about 50% of web objects are now transferred on persistent connections), and (3) new characterizations of web usage and content structure that reflect the influences of 'banner ads,' server load balancing, and content distribution. We also use a set of smaller traces from the NLANR repository taken at approximately the same times for comparison. Our study is based on over 500 GB of TCP/IP protocol-header traces collected in 19 (approximately one year apart) from the high-speed link connecting The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to its Internet service provider.

We report the results of a large-scale empirical study of web traffic.

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